•An application function or process can operate on data objects.

•A data object can be communicated through interactions and used or produced by application services.

•A data object can be accessed by an application function, application interaction, or application service.

•A data object can realize a business object, and can be realized by an artifact.

•A data object can have association, specialization, aggregation, or composition relationships with other data objects.

•The name of a data object should be a noun.